Urine Blood

Having blood in your urine (pee) can be a sign that something is wrong with your kidneys or another part of your urinary tract. The medical name for blood in your urine is hematuria. … If you cannot see the blood in your urine without looking at it under a microscope, it is called microscopic hematuria.

A urinalysis is a test of your urine. A urinalysis is used to detect and manage a wide range of disorders, such as urinary tract infections, kidney disease and diabetes.

A urinalysis involves checking the appearance, concentration and content of urine. Abnormal urinalysis results may point to a disease or illness.

Also Known as:  Urine Test, Urine Analysis , Urine CE, Urine C/E, UCE, Urinalysis

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Test Panel: Physical properties, Chemical Tests, Dipstick Tests, Microscopic Examination

Type of urine samples:

• Random sample:
  This is a diluted urine sample and may give an inaccurate interpretation of patient health. But is best to do microscopy to evaluate WBC or RBC.
• First Morning sample:
  This is the best sample for microscopy and urine analysis. This is the concentrated urine because of urine remained throughout the night in the urinary bladder. This will contains an increased concentration of analytes and cellular elements. Urine must have remained in the bladder for 8 hours is considered as the first-morning sample.
• Urine for sugar (Postprandial 2 hours):
  Postprandial 2 hours sample collected after 2 hours of high carbohydrate diet. 
• Midstream clean catch urine:
  This sample is needed for the culture and sensitivity of urinary infection. The patient is advised to clean the urethra, then discard the first few mL of urine. Now midstream of the urine is collected in the sterile container.
• 24 Hours of a urine sample
  • In this case, discard the first urine and note the time.
  • Now collect urine in the container for 24 hours and put the last sample in the container.
  • Refrigerate the sample.
  • This 24 hours samples are needed for measuring urea, creatinine, sodium, potassium, glucose, and catecholamines.
• Suprapubic collection of the urine sample:
  This is done in the patients who cannot be catheterized and the sample is needed for culture. This sample is collected by the needle.
• Catheter collection of urine:
  This is done by patients who are bedridden and can not urinate.
• Pediatric urine sample:
  In infants, special collection bags are made adherent around the urethra. Then urine is transferred to a container.

Blood in Urine:

Having blood in your urine (pee) can be a sign that something is wrong with your kidneys or another part of your urinary tract. The medical name for blood in your urine is hematuria. … If you cannot see the blood in your urine without looking at it under a microscope, it is called microscopic hematuria.

Causes of Blood in Urine:

There are many reasons that you might have blood in your urine. Having blood in your urine does not necessarily mean you have kidney disease. Some common causes are:

• Menstruation
• Strenuous (difficult) exercise
• Sexual activity
• Having a virus
• Injury
• Having an infection, such as a urinary tract infection (UTI)

Other more serious problems can also cause you to have blood in your urine. Some of these problems include:

• Kidney or bladder cancer
• Irritation or swelling in your kidneys, prostate (in men) or another part of your urinary tract
• Polycystic kidney disease
• Blood clots or diseases that cause problems with blood clotting
• Sickle cell disease

Symptoms

Gross hematuria produces pink, red or cola-colored urine due to the presence of red blood cells. It takes little blood to produce red urine, and the bleeding usually isn’t painful. Passing blood clots in your urine, however, can be painful.

Bloody urine often occurs without other signs or symptoms.

Risk factors

Almost anyone — including children and teens — can have red blood cells in the urine. Factors that make this more likely include:

• Age. Many men older than 50 have occasional hematuria due to an enlarged prostate gland.
• A recent infection. Kidney inflammation after a viral or bacterial infection (post-infectious glomerulonephritis) is one of the leading causes of visible urinary blood in children.
• Family history. You might be more prone to urinary bleeding if you have a family history of kidney disease or kidney stones.
• Certain medications. Aspirin, nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory pain relievers and antibiotics such as penicillin are known to increase the risk of urinary bleeding.
• Strenuous exercise. Long-distance runners are especially prone to exercise-induced urinary bleeding. In fact, the condition is sometimes called jogger’s hematuria. But anyone who works out strenuously can develop symptoms.

Sample Required:

• The test sample is urine (Random sample).
• Try to get a fresh sample.

Normal Range:

• Normally Hemoglobin is not a presence in the urine.

Blood is seen in:

• Menstruation
• Strenuous (difficult) exercise
• Sexual activity
• Having a virus
• Injury
• Having an infection, such as a urinary tract infection (UTI)
• Kidney or bladder cancer
• Irritation or swelling in your kidneys, prostate (in men) or another part of your urinary tract
• Polycystic kidney disease
• Blood clots or diseases that cause problems with blood clotting
• Sickle cell disease

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